Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) is a tropical crop, member of the Malvaceae family. Its fruits are grown and widely used in many countries of Asia and Africa. India is the main producer. It is cultivated in Mexico in small plots with scarce know-how. A sustainable and low-cost technology is needed to increase the profits of the farmers. Pseudomonas fluorescens have been used to increase germination and for biological control of pathogenic fungus. The study was done under greenhouse conditions. Two soils were used. One came from a parcel irrigated with sewage water and the other one was irrigated with clean water from a well. Half of the treatments were inoculated with Pseudomonas fluorescens. Four doses of vermicompost were applied as a source of organic matter. There were significant differences (p≤0.05) in most variables recorded due to the treatments. The soil irrigated with contaminated water only affected root length and fruit number. The plants inoculated with Pseudomonas fluorescens had better shoot and root growth, and fruit number, but it had no effect on fruit weight (p≤0.05). Vermicompost, as source of organic matter, also had a positive effect on Okra growth. Fruit number, and their dry weight augmented with the application of the lowest quantity of organic matter used (25t ha-1). Irrigation with sewage water, inoculation with Pseudomonas fluorescens, and lower quantities of vermicompost can be used to increase the yields of Okra. The use of Pseudomonas fluorescens can help to overcome the negative effects of contaminated waters, and other environmental and biological stresses. Recommendations are made to validate this result under field conditions.
Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L) Moench), member of the Malvaceae family, is grown in the tropics, and widely used, as vegetable, for its fruits in many countries of Asia and Africa. Nigeria has the largest harvested area (1.46 million ha in 2016), but India is the main producer (5.5 million tons in 2016; FAO, 2018).
• It is cultivated in Mexico, also as vegetable, for export in small plots with scarce know-how. It is an important source of income for the farmers.
A sustainable and low-cost technology is needed to increase the profits of the farmers. Flourescent pseudomonads are the most common group of soil microbes found in combination with organic matter and associated with the suppression of root diseases [1-3]. They have also this beneficial effect in okra [4,5].
Pseudomonas fluorescens is a symbiotic species in plants that allows them to obtain the nutritional elements essential for their growth. This species is known for its ability to reduce the incidence of diseases in the roots of plants, as well as the inhibition of a large number of phytopathogens [6,7].
The use of organic matter is also a sustainable alternative to provide nutrients [8,9]. Water is a scarce resource. Contaminated water can be used to irrigate crops. The need to know what kind of crops for human consumption can be grown in contaminated soils, and the application of inoculation compensation for the natural lack of nutrients has led to a series of studies with this purpose.
The present work assessed the growth and yield of plants of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L) Moench), inoculated with Pseudomonas fluorescens, fertilized with organic matter, and cultivated in soils irrigated with clean and contaminated waters.
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