Authored by Antonio M Locci*
Abstract
The Finite Element Method (FEM) is a widely used method for the simulation of bulk forming. So far, the contribution of FEM has been significant in the field of flat rolling, making it an established and accurate approach for process simulation. This mini review highlights some of the typical applications of the FEM that have emerged throughout the years of FEM utilization.
Keywords: FEM; Rolling; Simulation
Introduction
Amongst forming, flat rolling processes consist most of the selected methods for all applied technical alloys and materials used in various applications. Flat rolling is a bulk forming process where a metal plate or strip passes through counter rotating rolls and deforms plastically to reduce its thickness. Complicated phenomena take place in the material and the mill during their interaction, which in turn have a significant influence on the quality of the final product. Many tools have been developed through the years that would help the engineers predict and, thus, control the process result. A very prominent and widely used computational tool is FEM. The FEM is a numerical technique that discretizes a complicated system into finite simpler systems (finite elements) and solves partial differential equations to approximate the solution. Considering the cost related to industrial trials, the use of FEM has gained great popularity amongst engineers. Figure 1 shows indicative results that are typically extracted when FEM is applied, such as the stress field during rolling, see Figure 1(a), and the calculated Force diagram, see Figure 1(b), which are usually also validated using industrial and/or laboratory/actual data.
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