Posterior Transverse Plication of Tortuous Internal Carotids in Post Stroke Carotid Endarterectomy - Neurology & Neuroscience

Carotid endarterectomy (CEA) is one of  the  most  commonly performed procedures in vascular surgery [1]. The efficacy of CEA is well validated with a significant stroke risk reduction in patients with symptomatic internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis [2,3]. Strong evidences showed that  combined  CEA  and  best  medical therapy  are  superior  when  compared  with  medical  therapy  alone  in the prevention of stroke recurrence [2-4]. However, there are potential risks and  complications  associated  with  CEA.  Post-operative ICA stenosis secondary to arterial kinking had been documented in patients who had a tortuous ICA [5,6].

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The Role of Mitochondrial Dysfunction in the Mechanism of Neurodegenerative Diseases - Neurology & Neuroscience

 

The  increase  in  the  incidence  of  neurodegenerative  diseases  negatively  affects  the  life  quality  of  the  individuals  and  is  also  a  great burden to health sector. Neurodegenerative diseases, which are the most common forms of dementia, are Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Multiple Sclerosis. They are progressive diseases showing premature death of neurons and can be triggered by genetic and environmental factors. The nature of age-dependence of these diseases supports the view that the mechanisms of these diseases are linked to mitochondrial mutations. As the proportion of mutant mitochondria in the tissue increases, ATP production becomes inefficient and dysfunction is observed. Some mitochondrial
functions are affected in neurodegenerative diseases. Some of them include decreased glucose metabolism, mitochondrial enzymatic damage and increased production of ROS. Changes in mitochondrial dynamics are mitochondrial fission and fusion disruption, reduction of mitochondria transport on axons, decrease in intracellular mitochondria rate, and deformation in shape. There is still no effective treatment option for neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, the known mechanisms of neurodegenerative diseases and mitochondrial bases will be discussed, and the roles of mitochondrial dysfunction in these diseases will be reviewed. 

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A Study of Human Computation Applications - Biostatistics & Biometric Applications

Human computation is a technique that utilizes human abilities to perform computation tasks that are difficult for computers to process. Since the concept of human computation was introduced in 2003, many applications have been developed and the output data collected in these applications is very useful for many artificial intelligent applications. In this paper, we categorize existing human computation applications and present their major objectives. This paper gives a better understanding on how human contribute to AI applications.

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Defining Fingerprint Pattern of Cardiotoxicity and Targeting Specific Underlying Mechanisms of Cardiotoxicity Could be the Way for Successful Cardioprotective Measures in Paediatric Cancer Patients Treated with Anthracyclines - Cancer Research & Clinical Imaging

Anthracycline  Chemotherapy  are  administered  to  more  than 50%  of  children  with  cancer  and  up  to  60%  of  those  treated  with  an anthracycline will develop echocardiographic abnormalities [1]. Compared to their siblings, childhood cancer survivors (CCSs) have a 15-fold increased risk of developing congestive heart failure (CHF) and  mortality  rate  in  those  with  CHF  approaches  50%  [2].  Once  anthracycline-induced  cardiomyopathy  develops,  it  is  commonly progressive, with no definitive treatment other than implantation of a left ventricular assist device and/or heart transplantation [3,4].

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Proactive Medicine Initiative-Predicting EGFR Mutation Heterogeneity In CT-Scans of Indian Patients with Adenocarcinomas of the Lung using Radiomics Algorithm - Cancer Research & Clinical Imaging

Tumors are spatially and temporally heterogeneous, requiring biopsies  or  invasive  surgeries  to  extract  and  analyze  what  are  generally  small  portions  of  tumor  tissue,  which  do  not  allow  for  a  complete  characterization  of  the  tumor.  Imaging  provides  a  comprehensive  view  of  the  entire  tumor  and  can  be  used  on  an  ongoing  basis  to  dynamically  monitor  the  development and  progression  of  the  tumor  or  its  response  to  therapy. 

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Advances in Genomic Medicine - Cancer Research & Clinical Imaging

Genomics does not yet have standards  for  converting  raw data  sequence  into  processed  data,  even  though  some  medical data are very poorly structured and in some cases are inaccurate due to human error when the data was entered or by the way it is measured  and  recorded.  To  handle  this  volume of personal data, researchers are progressively adopting a cooperative approach to  developing the software tools that give meaning to all this and thus have the supercomputing  capacity  needed  to  process  everything.

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Conquering the Enigmatic Fear of Recurrence in the Breast Cancer Care Continuum - Nursing & Care

Together with a clinical preponderance as the most common cancer subtype  for  women  worldwide,  a breast cancer journey also predisposes to long-term survivorship care needs in view of the advances in early detection and treatment. By the same token, many women surviving breast cancer are  known  to  face  multiple  physical, psychological, social and financial impacts, from the time of initial diagnosis to well after the treatment [1,2].

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