Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) vs Calcium Hydroxide in Direct Pulp Capping – Literature Review - Dentistry & Oral Health

Direct  pulp-capping  is  a  treatment  for  exposed  vital  pulp  involving  the  placement  of  a  dental  material  over  the  exposed  area  to  facilitate  both  the  formation  of  protective  barrier  and  the  maintenance of vital  pulp.  Direct  pulp  capping  has  been  used  as  an alternative  approach  to  the  maintenance  of  vital  pulp  so  that  many  tooth  extractions  and  root  canal  treatments  could  have  been  avoided through the conservative approach of direct pulp capping. For this purpose different kinds of materials used such as Zinc Oxide Eugenol, Glass Ionomer (GI), Resin Modified Glass Ionomer (RMGI), Adhesive systems, Calcium Hydroxide, Mineral Trioxide Aggregate  (MTA)  and  Bio  dentine.  The  MTA  clinically  performed  more  effective  than  conventional  Calcium  Hydroxide  liner  as  a  direct pulp capping material, showed higher success rate than dycal. MTA easier to use clinically as a direct pulp capping material. MTA provided better long term results more effective than Calcium Hydroxide in maintaining long-term vitality. MAT significantly less toxic, less pulpal inflammations. MTA more predictable than dycal in formation of dentin barrier and superior than Calcium Hydroxide  in  dentinogenetic  process  in  human  pulp.  MTA  is  more  effective  and  superior comparing the Calcium Hydroxide as a direct pulp capping material, showed higher success rate with favorable outcomes in maintaining long term tooth vitality and easier to use in pulp capping. MTA is less toxic, less pulpal inflammation capping compared to Calcium Hydroxide. MTA superior and in dentinogenic process and more predictable hard tissue barrier formation.

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