Authored by Alexandrov MT
Tooth enamel is the most mineralized tissue of the body. Composition - 96 wt. % inorganic matter and 4 wt. % of organic matter and water. Inorganic the substance mainly consists of calcium phosphate associated with hydroxyapatite, the chemical formula of which is [Ca10 (PO4) 6 (OH) 2]. The presence of hydroxyapatite is confirmed by the presence of its spectral bands in the hard tissues of the tooth [1]. It is believed that Raman spectroscopy allows you to objectively evaluate spectral bands associated with specific chemical structures of tooth hard tissues [2,3]. So currently this technology can be considered preferable in the study of remineralization of teeth [4-10]. The purpose of our study is to determine the effectiveness of the Raman-fluorescent method of diagnosing the remineralization of hard tooth tissues using demineralizing pastes, gel, suspension and rinse aid.
In this pre-clinical in vitro study on 25 model test objects of teeth (incisors of the lower jaws), removed for clinical reasons, Raman fluorescence spectroscopy was performed (after their hygienic cleaning professional toothpaste) using the Inspector M laser hardware-software complex with a probe radiation waves with the length of 532 nm. 5 of the model test objects of teeth are placed in a 10% suspension of Nano-HAP (Ca, Mg, Zn) for 1 min for 21 days (the period recommended for demineralizing therapy); 5 test objects were cleaned with paste containing Nano-HAP (Ca, Mg, Zn) daily for 21 days in the morning and in the evening; A gel containing nanogap in a complex with soluble calcium in one drug was inflicted (once a day) on 5 test objects for 21 days; 5 test objects were processed with rinse for 21 day daily; control group - 5 test objects that were in deionized water for 21 days. Measurements of the Raman-fluorescent characteristics of tooth hard tissues were carried out after 21 days. Repeated measurements in all groups were performed after 14 days to determine the duration of the preservation of the mineralization effect of tooth enamel. AIC “Inspector M” is designed to measure Raman spectra or photoluminescence spectra of liquids, solids, powders and gels. The device consists of a laser radiation source, a system for collecting, filtering and analyzing the scattered radiation, equipped with a lownoise multi-channel detector - analyzer (CCD line) to measure the amplitude and spectral characteristics of the scattered radiation [11-13].
The spectral range of the complex covers the molecular region of the fluctuations in organic and inorganic substances which allows to measure within several seconds the Raman or fluorescence spectrum of the object under study, determine the spectral position and relative intensities of Raman and fluorescent spectral lines. The software of this device facilitates the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the spectra obtained and the identification of the substance, comparing the resulting spectrum with the reference [3]. With the use of AIC “InSpectr M” the test objects were subjected to non-destructive effects of low-intensity laser radiation in the visible range (532nm). The results of the study were processed online, using during the work the presented hardware-software complex. The measurements were carried out contact-stable and perpendicular to the surface of the tooth enamel.
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