Solutions of Formaldehyde in Water and Alcohols - Pharmacy & Pharmacology Research

A mechanism of the initiated nonbranched-chain process of forming 1,2-alkanediols and carbonyl  compounds  in  alcohol– formaldehyde  systems  is  suggested.  The  quasi-steady-state  treatment  is  used to obtain kinetic equations that can describe the nonmonotonic (with a  maximum) dependences  of  the formation  rates of the product on the concentration of free unsolvated  formaldehyde. The experimental concentrations of the free unsolvated form of formaldehyde are given at the different temperatures, solvent permittivity, and total concentrations of formaldehyde in water and alcohols. An empirical equation for calculating the free formaldehyde concentration in alcohol–formaldehyde (including water/ethanediol–formaldehyde) systems at various temperatures and total formaldehyde concentrations and an equation for evaluating solvent concentrations in these systems were derived.

 

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