Comparison of Working Length Determination in Teeth with Vital Pulps with Digital Radiographs and Four Electronic Apex Locators. An In Vivo Study - Dentistry & Oral Health

The success of root canal treatment has to be done on the correct implementation of all stages of  the  procedure from diagnosis to the canal filling. Among these steps, the determination of working length (WL) is a challenge and depends on the anatomy of the root end. Filling root canals should not extend beyond the tooth apex. The apical constriction (AC), is a reasonable site for working length since it frequently corresponds with the constricted width of the canal [1,2]. Dummer PHM, et al. [3] recognized that it is hard to locate the AC in vivo with reliance because of its location. 

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